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  Claude Billeaud / CIC Pédiatrique CHU Pellegrin Bordeaux,
  France

  A New High Hydrostatic Pressure Destroyed All Pathogens Including Spores while Preserving the Bioactive Proteins of Donated Human Milk

  Abstract

  Background: The main process used to pasteurize human milk is the low-temperature, long-time Holder method (HOLDER and recently investigated, the high-temperature, short-time method. Both processes lead to an appropriated inactivation of vegetative forms but are ineffective versus the bacterial spores. Research Aims/Questions : Find a method accomplish two main objectives: inactivation of all pathogens, including spores, and preservation of the activity of milk components. Design/Methods: Recently, a novel approach of the High Hydrostatic Pressure processes have been developed by HPBioTECH. We compared the effect of Human Milk treatment on the same samples (raw Human milk, Holder and our novel High Hydrostatic Pressure) on vegetative and spores forms of pathogens and on bioactive components (Lipase activity, Immunes proteins). Results: a) Pathogens destructions: two main microbial strains have been selected: Staphylococcus aureus (as reference for the vegetative forms) and Bacillus cereus (as reference for spores). This research led process adapted to the a) microbial decontamination of 6 log., either for Staphylococcus aureus or Bacillus cereus, b) Human Milk bioactive components: the main components of human milk is preserved. Activity of the lipase after this treatment (close to 80%) and that of several additional components (α-lactalbumin: 96-99%: Casein: 98-100%, Lysozyme :95-100%; lactoferrin: 93-97%; sIgA: 63-64%). Conclusions: this novel high Hydrostatic process generate microbiologically safe human milk could potentially result in important benefits for preterm infants: (i) improved assimilation of human milk, leading to daily weight and (ii) improved resistance to infections(iii) to avoid discarding 10% of contaminated by Bacillus Cereus human milk collected.
  
  

  Biography

  Claude Billeaud received his MD degree from the Medical University of Bordeaux ( France) in 1979 after a graduation in human cytogenetics (1976). He then studied pediatrics and has been the Clinical Assistant Director of Bordeaux University in the departments of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Intensive Care since 1983. He currently serves as a pediatrician in the neonatal unit at the Children’s Hospital of Bordeaux, as a scientific manager of Bordeaux-Marmande human milk bank, as a lecturer and head of research (HDR : Habilitation to direct research) in neonatal nutrition at the Medical University of Bordeaux. His particular interest in research led him to graduate in Biology and Health (1988, Bordeaux), be awarded a master in statistics applied to clinical research ( 1991, Montreal) and complete a PhD in nutrition and food science (2000, Bordeaux). Along his career he has often been invited as a guest professor specialised in nutrition and neonatology in various universities abroad ( Montreal, Corrientes in Argentina). Over the last 35 years, he has been an active member of different scientific organisations, either French, European or American, specialised in perinatal medicine (neonatology, pediatrics and nutrition). In this instance, he has served as the President of the Association for Pediatric Education in Europe (A.P.E.E) since 2008 and behalf APEE he is Member of European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP). He has also been very involved in the French human milk banking association (ADLF) for more than 10 years, sharing his academic knowledge focused in nutrition and his long clinical experience in neonatology. He is currently carrying out several researches on the composition of human milk. As an expert in nutrition and perinatal medicine, he is also the author and co-author of numerous scientific publications.
  
  

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  Mohammed Al-Hashimi / Texas A&M; University at Qatar
  Qatar

  Using Green Chemistry for Olefin Metathesis

  Abstract

  Olefin metathesis is a powerful and versatile method in synthetic organic and polymer chemistry. With the widely accepted drive towards more sustainable technologies, there is an urgent need for developing cleaner sustainable concepts in olefin metathesis. Ruthenium-based catalysts are commonly used in organic synthesis, mainly in olefin metathesis reactions. In particular Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and ring-closing metathesis (RCM), have become an extremely valuable tool for the preparation of functionalized homopolymers. Grubbs and Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts are certainly the most popular ruthenium- based complexes in this field. Unfortunately, only a limited number of studies have been conducted where both recycling and ruthenium waste content are examined. Moreover, numerous papers do not report on the levels of contamination in the product, which clearly is a drawback when developing olefin metathesis for industrial practice. Herin we describe a simple catalyst separation for the ROMP of hydroxyl functionalized cyclopentene using phase separable PIB second generation Ru complex. The increased stability and robustness of the soluble Ru complex facilitates an easy separation of the product form the ruthenium complex. Our approach uses a scheme in which the solubility of the Ru catalyst byproducts is differentiated from the solubility of the product polymer.
  
  

  Biography

  Dr. Al-Hashimi received his MSci Honours degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry in 2003 and PhD in 2007 from Queen Mary University of London, UK. In 2007 Dr. Al-Hashimi Subsequently worked as a Senior Development Chemist at Evotec, Oxfordshire, UK. In 2008 he joined Imperial College London, UK as a postdoc in the chemistry department. In 2012 he joined Qatar University as an Assistant Professor and in 2013 he joined Texas A&M; University at Qatar. He is currently a Research Associate Professor in Chemistry and presently, Dr. Al-Hashimi serves on the editorial boards of two journals Current Organic Chemistry and Current Organocatalysis. He has significant project management experience both in industrial and academic settings. Within the industrial setting, he has direct experience in working within both longer-term corporate research and customer focused business units. In academia, he has managed grants in the United Kingdom, Qatar and currently leads a team of 7 PDRA and 18 undergraduate students, and has attracted over $12 million in funding since he started his academic career in 2012. He has published over 60 peer-reviewed papers with an h-Index of 24. He has been awarded with the Donald C. Bradley prize (2003) UK, ASPIC prize (2004) UK, Lefevre prize (2005) UK, ACMME research prize (2016) Malaysia and was awarded the best research presentation in energy and environment pillar ARC16 (2016). He has extensive experience in organic polymers with a focus on the design and synthesis of organic semiconductor materials for a range of optoelectronic applications, including field effect transistors, photovoltaic devices, light emitting diodes and sensors. His other interests center on the development of well-defined novel polymeric materials for Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) and synthesis of recoverable, reusable homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. https://scholar.google.com/citations
  
  

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  Aboubakr M. Abdullah / Qatar University
  Qatar

  Highly Efficient Au-Pd Atomically – co-Doped Porous Graphitic-Like C3N4 Nanotubes Nanocatalyst for CO Oxidation

  Abstract

  Carbon monoxide oxidation is of high interest in the energy and environment industry. In this work, we report a novel Au-Pd atomically – co-doped porous graphitic-like C3N4 nanotubes nanocomposite catalyst for CO Oxidation at low temperatures (141 oC) and ambient pressure. The preparation of the nanocatalyst was achieved using a pot synthesis approach. This includes the activation of melamine with nitric acid in the presence of ethylene glycol and metal precursors followed by consecutive polymerization and carbonization. This resulted in the formation of 1D graphitic carbon nitride with a BET surface area of 321 m2 g-1 with an atomic level doping of Au and Pd less than 1%. Interestingly, this one-pot synthesis can provide new avenues for the utilization of gC3N4 doped with multiple metal-based catalysts for CO conversion reactions which had been rarely reported before.
  
  

  Biography

  Dr. Aboubakr M. Abdullah is the Hydro/Qatalum Chair Professor at the Center for Advanced Materials at Qatar University since 2017. He has more than 26 years of experience in chemistry and materials science and engineering Research & Development, Industrial consultations, and project management since he was awarded his bachelor's and Master's degrees in 1993 and 1997 from Cairo University, Egypt and Ph.D. degree from The Pennsylvania State University in 2003. During his career, he has published more than 100 peer-reviewed and 50 conference proceedings articles in the materials, energy, and environment research field in addition to one book chapter and filed and disclosed several intellectual properties. Furthermore, he has supervised many young professionals at the Master and Ph.D. levels.
  
  

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  Ainara Ateka / University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Spain

  | Kinetic modeling and simulation for the intensification of the one-step DME synthesis process from CO2

  Abstract

  The need to mitigate the effects of climate change, has driven the need to establish limitations for the emission of greenhouse gases, and in addition, to boost the routes for capturing and valorizing CO2, through its catalytic conversion to value-added products, such as oxygenated compounds or olefins. In this scenario, the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to DME (for its possible subsequent selective transformation into olefins in a second stage) is of great relevance, due to its thermodynamic and economic advantages over methanol synthesis and its synthesis in two stages. Therefore, given the interest of this process and the feasibility it offers for valorizing CO2 on a large scale, it is necessary to continue deepening in the knowledge this process. For this purpose, a kinetic model has been developed capable for predicting the behavior, activity and deactivation of the (CZMn/S) catalyst in a wide range of operating conditions, and it has been used to study by simulation for improving CO2 conversion and/or DME production: the optimization of the operating conditions (temperature, pressure, space time, CO2/COx and H2/COx ratios in the feed ...) and; different strategies for process intensification (recycling of the non converted reactants, or implementing H2O permeable membranes for shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium).
  
  

  Biography

  Ainara Ateka completed her PhD from the University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU. She is currently a postdoctoral researcher in the Catalytic Processes and Waste Valorization group of the Chemical Engineering Department of the same university, and has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.
  
  

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  Aida M. Diez / University of Vigo, Spain

  | Immobilized bifunctional catalysts for the application of Advanced Oxidation Processes

  Abstract

  Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have been proposed as an alternative for the treatment of stable and non-biodegradable pollutants present in wastewaters. These processes base their potential on the generation of oxidant species which attack non-selectively de organic matter. After comparing the performance of the combination of different AOPs, the photocatalysis coupled to photoelectro-Fenton provided the best degradation results. Thus, TiO2 acts as photocatalysis, enhancing the powerfulness of the light radiation to generate oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical. Moreover, Fe incites the catalytic excision of H2O2 (generated thought the electric field application) to produce hydroxyl radicals, on the so-called electro-Fenton process. This electro-Fenton process generates some undesired Fe derivatives which can be broken with the radiation application (photoelectron-Fenton). However, the necessity of these and other compounds to work as catalysts may worse the water quality or increase the post-treatment costs. Accordingly, several approaches to immobilize both Fe and TiO2 catalysts have been done. For instance, ferromagnetic particles with TiO2 can be easily fluidized and degrade stable pollutants, being magnetically separated afterwards. Moreover, natural silicate compounds, such as expanded perlite, can be used as floating support of Fe and TiO2, so the catalyst is highly photo-activated. Sodium alginate beads can trapped Fe and TiO2, and these semi-transparent beads can be placed into a photo-radiated column. Therefore, each synthetized catalysts has several advantages which should be selected and tailored regarding the reactor configuration. Under optimal conditions, stable pollutants have been efficiently treated and the catalysts have been reused during several batches.
  
  

  Biography

  Aida M. Díez has completed her PhD from University of Vigo, Spain and she is performing postdoctoral research at the same University. She has acquired experience on catalysis thanks to stages on institutions of high expertise on the field (Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials and Associated Laboratory for the Green Chemistry, Portugal). She acts as professor at the University of Vigo since 2016. She is the co-director of several degree projects and participates on numerous journals as reviewer. She has published 8 papers in reputed journals and has participated on 30 congresses with oral and poster presentations.
  
  

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  Fernanda G L Medeiros Borsagli / Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Brazil

  | News Strategies for sustainable green chemistry based on the extraction from natural sources in the semiarid biome

  Abstract

  One of the great problems in the science, it is a development of sustainable materials, which are produce by a chemically green rout. In this sense, chemically functionalization of natural polymers is very interesting, because these polymers are biodegradable, biocompatible, it has an easy manufacture, and it may be extracted from natural sources. Moreover, these natural polymers are scientifically and industrially attractive to be use as biomass, because they present great thermal conversion and do not release toxic compounds in the environment. In addition, these materials may be chemically modified to improve and produce many news materials. In this context, the Brazilian semiarid region, it has great source of natural polymers. Moreover, this region has been faced a great water crisis with sparse rain during the year and undergoes desertification process. However, this region has been used many types of pesticides, which aggravates the water contamination. For this reason, the region also requires a new approach to the energy production, alternative control for agroindustry, and improve the use of natural source from the region. Despite the Brazilian semiarid situation, this region presents a biome that has a great potential as biomass, supply natural polymers and another material. This biome could be a source of catalytic materials that reduces the water contamination, and providing large inputs for research in various areas. Since these natural materials that are available in large quantities, as they represent practically unexploited resources, are broadly available and are environmentally friendly.
  
  

  Biography

  Fernanda G. L. Medeiros Borsagli is a Professor in Institute of Engineering, Science and Technology (IECT) at Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM). She is Material Engineering, Master and PhD at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG/Brazil) in the subject area Material Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry to environmental and biological applications. Research of environmental problems in the semiarid region and all Brazil country.